<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd"><channel><title><![CDATA[Working Definition]]></title><description><![CDATA[The new philosophy podcast! Philosopher Rebecca Lowe talks with philosophical guests about philosophical concepts, with the aim of providing rigorous yet accessible rough working definitions. <br/><br/><a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/podcast</link><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2026 04:11:39 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/3063360.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><author><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></author><copyright><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[theendsdontjustifythemeans@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:new-feed-url>https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/3063360.rss</itunes:new-feed-url><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:subtitle>philosophical writing on freedom and all the other cool things </itunes:subtitle><itunes:type>episodic</itunes:type><itunes:owner><itunes:name>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:name><itunes:email>theendsdontjustifythemeans@substack.com</itunes:email></itunes:owner><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:category text="Society &amp; Culture"><itunes:category text="Philosophy"/></itunes:category><itunes:category text="Education"/><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/c89fd999f1349201b7a8d31899d7d8a2.jpg"/><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 13: Free Will, with Peter van Inwagen]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Peter van Inwagen and I discuss free will. We talk about what kind of thing free will might be, whether there’s an ordinary notion of free will, whether we should talk about free agency instead of free will, the cost of getting hung up about ‘the will’, the relation between free will and determinism, the relation between free will and indeterminism, the relevance of agent causation, the relevance of moral realism, the relevance of probabilistic thinking, and much more. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it... </p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-13-free</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:211664388</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 18:39:22 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/211664388/c3fc2f414f2b41749befbd6541a81508.mp3" length="49988433" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>4166</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/211664388/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 12: Animals, with J.P. Andrew]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, JP Andrew and I discuss animals. We talk about whether it’s the business of philosophers to try to define animals, the differences between animals and plants, what it’s permissible to do to animals, what it’s permissible to do to electrons, whether we’re obligated to bring back extinct species, the relevance of moral disgust to vegetarianism, and much more. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it... </p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-12-animals</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:205714624</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 11 Jul 2026 21:07:58 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/205714624/8398193c8e16521134eb12f5fd928634.mp3" length="55556276" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>4630</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/205714624/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 11: Consciousness, with Tim Crane ]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Tim Crane and I discuss consciousness. We talk about what it is for an organism to be conscious, whether there’s such a thing as a non-conscious experience, the difference between trying to explain why we’re conscious and trying to explain how we’re conscious, what people are talking about when they talk about AI consciousness, the relevance of consciousness to moral status, and more. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it... </p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-10-consciousness</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:198603135</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 31 May 2026 10:00:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/198603135/44ab8e4df4e6e092734087b16b175a78.mp3" length="42381820" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3532</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/198603135/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 10: Equality, with Teresa Bejan]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Teresa Bejan and I discuss equality. We talk about whether equality is one thing or many, the difference between distributive and relational notions of equality, what it means to be one another’s equals, the lasting influence of Roman law, whether equality pertains to relations between humans and animals, the idea of the Levellers as the original egalitarians, and more! In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it... </p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-10-equality</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:193543944</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 13:15:29 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/193543944/2c1e7e2bb86f136a67f417609d6026c5.mp3" length="41708456" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3476</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/193543944/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 9: Forgiveness, with Ben Brophy]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Ben Brophy and I discuss forgiveness. We talk about what counts as an act of forgiveness, about the part played by the person who's being forgiven, about whether forgiveness is a matter of justice or charity, about its relation to nearby concepts like grace and mercy and forbearance, about the role religion might have played in shaping its ordinary usage, and more. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it... </p><p></p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-9-forgiveness</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:192334621</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 11:48:04 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/192334621/e13bd6a53a0913e8e7fabf230a62c268.mp3" length="44144106" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3679</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/192334621/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 8: Rights, with John Tasioulas]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In the seventh episode of Working Definition, Rebecca Lowe’s philosophy podcast, she speaks with John Tasioulas about rights. They talk about the special relation between rights and perfect obligations, the difference between rights and preferences, what it means to ground a right, whether rights can conflict, whether natural rights are the same thing as human rights, whether liberalism and democracy are dependent on rights, and more. In short, they do some philosophy! </p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-8-rights</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:187312092</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe and John Tasioulas]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2026 15:12:57 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/187312092/c2b6a38393baa882e0fe8c2d1129186a.mp3" length="46973182" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe and John Tasioulas</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3914</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/187312092/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 7: Happiness, with Henry Oliver ]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Henry Oliver and I discuss happiness. We talk about what it is to be happy, what makes people happy, the problem of being made happy about bad things, and more. In short, we do some philosophy!</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-7-happiness</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:181792094</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 26 Dec 2025 12:41:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/181792094/6daf87a650a92e01c2af0a9902bf9fae.mp3" length="34395521" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>2866</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/181792094/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 6: Liberalism, with Michael Ignatieff]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Michael Ignatieff and I discuss liberalism. We talk about what it is to be a liberal, the kinds of institutions that are central to liberalism, what it’s like to do politics as someone with a liberal disposition, what liberals should do when they find themselves in illiberal places, and more. In short, we do some philosophy!</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-6-liberalism</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:181017398</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 12 Dec 2025 22:38:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/181017398/35d7333cf8599440041033c20ec464c1.mp3" length="39049643" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3254</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/181017398/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 5: Politics, with Oliver Traldi]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Oliver Traldi and I discuss politics. We talk about why it’s such a hard word to define, the competing and complementary ways people use it, and its significance within the history of political philosophy and the world of political action. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it... </p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-5-politics</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:176389727</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2025 19:10:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/176389727/7f715b54462a09b6bd20c4d31d4f1429.mp3" length="42608415" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3551</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/176389727/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 4: Privacy, with Ignacio Cofone ]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Ignacio Cofone and I discuss privacy. We talk  about what it is, why it matters, when it matters, how it should be protected legally. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it..</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-4-privacy</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:174704814</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 29 Sep 2025 11:30:35 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/174704814/e145dd7ccf2a0bf2518f024f7d19d746.mp3" length="35130018" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>2927</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/174704814/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 3: Freedom, with Tyler Cowen]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Tyler Cowen and I discuss freedom. We talk about how people talk about freedom, whether you can define freedom, freedom's relation to other concepts, the relevance of free will and consciousness, what it might mean for a country to be free, and much more. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it..</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-3-freedom</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:172234585</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 29 Aug 2025 18:28:14 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/172234585/e0ec47ae1ac2b14fd2f865b3eb830463.mp3" length="43525940" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3627</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/172234585/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 2: Democracy, with Josiah Ober]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Josh Ober and I discuss democracy. We talk about what it is, why it is what it is, what it needs, what it gives us, why it matters, how it differs from other things like it, what it asks of you, and where you might find it. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it..</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-2-democracy</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:169909745</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 03 Aug 2025 14:31:58 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/169909745/ca4a46b161d49fba76940a11c528d610.mp3" length="44339438" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>3695</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/169909745/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item><item><title><![CDATA[Working Definition episode 1: Transparency, with Tom Hoenig]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p>In this episode, Tom Hoenig and I discuss transparency. He talks about experiences from his career when transparency has been a driving practical concern. We think about conditions for, constraints on, relations to, and the value of transparency. In short, we do some philosophy! I hope you enjoy it..</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com?utm_medium=podcast&#38;utm_campaign=CTA_1">endsdontjustifythemeans.com</a>]]></description><link>https://endsdontjustifythemeans.com/p/working-definition-episode-1-transparency</link><guid isPermaLink="false">substack:post:168786708</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Rebecca Lowe]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 20 Jul 2025 17:59:09 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://api.substack.com/feed/podcast/168786708/5799982248287d90c40e7db0560b1575.mp3" length="28781610" type="audio/mpeg"/><itunes:author>Rebecca Lowe</itunes:author><itunes:explicit>No</itunes:explicit><itunes:duration>2398</itunes:duration><itunes:image href="https://substackcdn.com/feed/podcast/3063360/post/168786708/32ebb015b704181664f6e7c2c9dedc0d.jpg"/></item></channel></rss>