Watch on YouTube.

As AI rapidly advances towards human-level capabilities, the debate over its regulation intensifies. Some argue that regulation is futile and open-source AGI will drive progress, but these perspectives overlook critical risks. Unchecked market forces and geopolitical competition could lead to catastrophic outcomes, but we still have the power to shape a safer future.

In this dialogue, we revisit the potentially catastrophic risks of superhuman AI systems and explore multifaceted approaches to contain, manage, and mitigate these risks. Our discussion extends to regulation and legislation, examining necessary protective laws and their global implementation status. We also address the critical need for effective governance and oversight, exploring potential global architectures to manage AI development.

Ignoring AI risks is not akin to Pascal's wager; the probabilities of severe consequences are real and substantial. We explore how effective regulation, drawing on flexible, principle-based legislation, can balance innovation with safety. Additionally, we examine the double-edged nature of open-source AI: historically beneficial, yet posing significant misuse risks as capabilities grow.

Joining us is Yoshua Bengio, Full Professor at the University of Montreal, Founder and Scientific Director of Mila, and recipient of the 2018 A.M. Turing Award. A pioneering figure in AI and deep learning, Yoshua brings crucial insights to this dialogue on developing comprehensive policies for safe AGI.

For more information about Yoshua Bengio, visit our contributors’ page. To never miss a Reboot Dialogue, if you haven't done so already, subscribe to our newsletter.

Watch on YouTube.

Studies show that identity fraud cost $52 billion globally in 2021, with ransomware costs potentially reaching an astonishing $265 billion annually by 2031. In this episode of Reboot2030, we examine AI's impact on cybersecurity, focusing on its potential to revolutionise cybercrime through sophisticated attacks and misinformation campaigns targeting individuals, businesses, and democratic institutions alike. We'll explore some of the social and economic risks and associated costs of AI-enabled cybercrime on individuals, societies, and markets, and discuss government and institutional responses, including the need for effective multi-lateral cyber-deterrence strategies.

Joining us for this dialogue is John Davenport, a philosophy professor at Fordham University specialising in moral and political philosophy, including democratic theory, human rights, and global governance. A prominent thinker, he has written extensively on contemporary threats to democracy and is the author of The Democracy Amendments (Anthem, 2023) and A League of Democracies (Routledge, 2018).

For more information about John Davenport, visit our contributors’ page. To never miss a Reboot Dialogue, if you haven't done so already, subscribe to our newsletter.

Watch on YouTube.

In an era of multiple global crises – from the climate emergency, to rising populism and the existential threats posed by rapid developments in AI – positive visions of a sustainable and regenerative future are urgently needed.

This episode of Reboot2030 explores solarpunk, an emergent movement gaining traction for its life-affirming outlook. We unpack its potential for revitalising democracy and social movements, examine how solarpunks propose balancing technological advancement with sustainability, and explore ways of democratising big tech in an age of techno-feudalism to enable the emergence of alternative social structures.

Joining us is Pawel Ngei, a hacker and solarpunk researcher focusing on narratives of technology in culture, especially climate futurism. He works with Global Innovation Gathering, collaborating with inventors and educators from the Global South to discover new, community-based perspectives on tech and culture. Pawel blogs at alxd.org and co-writes the Solarpunk Prompts podcast. To never miss a Reboot Dialogue, if you haven't done so already, subscribe to our newsletter here.

Digitalisation is a key driver of both economic and social development, not only in the industrialised world, but increasingly also in developing countries – with all the downsides and risks this implies.

In this Reboot Dialogue, Jean-Désiré Kouassi tells us about how Be Digit Wise advocates against online propaganda and fake news; and how they equip young people with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively utilize digital media and safely navigate the internet.

Jean-Désiré founded Be Digit Wise in 2020 and has since trained over 1,500 young leaders in digital literacy and skills. More information about him and his award-winning work is available at https://www.democracyschool.com/contributors. To never miss a Reboot Dialogue, subscribe to our newsletter at https://reboot2030.substack.com.

In Zambia, climate change sparks severe repercussions: crop failures afflict six million families; dwindling rainfall deepens water scarcity, impacting rural life; diseases like malaria surge, straining health systems; smallholder farmers suffer livelihood losses, prompting diversification efforts; and rampant deforestation worsens environmental degradation, heightening climate risks. These interconnected challenges demand immediate action, highlighting the urgent need for global cooperation in addressing climate change's disproportionate impact on vulnerable communities in Africa and beyond.

Our guest today to talk about the impact of climate change in Zambia is Akufuna Muyunda. He is an award-winning climate leader and social entrepreneur with over a decade of experience in environmental advocacy. He is also the founder of Young Volunteers for Environment Zambia and serves as volunteer Director of Green Investments at the Farmers Development Cooperative Union.

More information about Akufuna Muyunda and his work is available via our contributors' page. To never miss a Reboot Dialogue, subscribe to our newsletter.

Europe over the past ten years has seen a tectonic shift to the right, both at the level of member states, and at the European level. But what exactly does that mean? How will this shift affect European policy, relations between member states and indeed the European Union itself, or rather European ‘supranational’ democracy – both in the short- and in the long term?

In this podcast we explore these questions and ask how can Europe defend itself against a sustained attack from far-right populists and anti-European nationalists?

Joining us for this discussion is Susanna Cafaro, a leading European federalist and professor of European Union law at the University of Salento (Italy).

More information about Susanna Cafaro is available via our contributors’ page.

Also of interest to viewers/listeners might be the Supranational Democracy Dialogue Susanna hosts every year. More information about this gathering/conference is available here.

Europe is now facing multiple serious threats, internally via right-wing populists and nationalists, and externally, because of the ongoing war in Ukraine and other geopolitical conflicts and risks around the world. Global warming and migration act as fuel and further exaggerate these divisions along nationalist/populist versus liberal/federalist lines, with the populist camp increasingly gaining the upper hand not only within European member states, but at a European level as well.

In this podcast we ask: should we be concerned? How significant are these developments, and how will they play out if current trends persist? We will also be looking at the EU’s plans for eastward expansion with regards to Ukraine and Moldovia and talk about the challenges the EU faces in rapidly establishing an integrated European defence force.

Roberto Castaldi is a European federalist. He holds a PhD in international relations in the area of European integration and is an Associate Professor of Political Philosophy at eCampus University in Italy. He is also the CEO of the International Centre for European and Global Governance, co-edits Perspectives on Federalism and is the General Editor of EURACTIV Italy.

More information about Roberto Castaldi is available via our contributors’ page.

Chris Hamer has long been active as a democracy activist on the global stage and is one of the co-founders and the current President of the Coalition for a World Security Community of Democratic Nations. In this dialogue he is making the case for a multi-national Alliance of Democracies at a time of global crisis to mitigate against the real and growing risk of a third world war.

Chris is also a honorary Associate Professor in the School of Physics at the University of New South Wales, the President of Scientists for Global Responsibility (formerly Scientists Against Nuclear Arms), and the founder of the World Citizens Association of Australia.

More information about Chris Hammer is available via democracyschool.com/reboot-contributors.

What if artificial intelligence (AI) continues to progress towards and beyond our abilities, in areas where it could become dangerous, and what if our regulations won’t be 100% foolproof, opening the door to seriously harmful misuse by bad actors, historically never seen concentrations of power and existential threats to our collective future? Even if these were a low-probability events, given the high stakes, should we not have a plan B?

With a view to minimising those risks, Yoshua Bengio proposes the creation of a multilateral network of non-profit and non-governmental labs, collaborating on the defence of democracy, human rights and against eventual rogue autonomous AI. His proposal hinges on avoiding a single point of failure and excessive concentrations of power (economic, political and military), and establishing strong democratically mandated international governance mechanisms.

In this Reboot Dialogue we talk, both about the various ways in which AIs potentially pose an existential threat to democracy and human rights, and what it would take, what kind of governance architecture we would need to put into place, to protect us against AI-driven catastrophic risks.

Yoshua Bengio is professor of computer science at the Université de Montréal, founder and scientific director of Mila–Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, and senior fellow and codirector of the Learning in Machines and Brains program at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. He won the 2018 A.M. Turing Award (with Geoffrey Hinton and Yann LeCun).

More information about Yoshua Bengio is available via democracyschool.com/reboot-contributors. His paper on AI and catastrophic risk is now out at journalofdemocracy.org/ai-and-catastrophic-risk.

Note to listeners: Unfortunately, this dialogue was disrupted (cut short), as we lost our internet connection temporarily during the live stream - hence the edit/cuts. Since Yoshua had scheduled a follow-on interview with The Guardian newspaper, we had to finish earlier then planned and hence were not able to cover everything we wanted to. We apologise for this disruption and the abrupt ending, and promise to continue this conversation next year (2024) with a follow-up dialogue, focusing on Yoshua’s proposal for a globally distributed AI governance architecture.

More than 20 years ago, Bob Hinkley proposed a Code for Corporate Citizenship that would amend the existing duty of directors “to act in the best interests of the corporation” by adding the following words...

“but not at the expense of severe damage to the environment, human rights, public health and safety, dignity of employees or the welfare of the communities in which the corporation operates.”

In this Reboot Dialogue we focus on the role the law plays in both enabling and legitimising corporations to cause severe harm to the environment – and how the proposed Code for Corporate Citizenship would put an end to that.

Bob Hinkley is an American attorney, who specializes in corporate law generally and corporate financing specifically. From 2012 to 2020, he provided critical assistance to the US Department of Justice in connection with investigations that recovered more than $US 65 billion from more than a dozen banks for illegal behaviour that led to the financial crisis of 2008.

For more information about Bob Hinkley, please visit democracyschool.com/reboot-contributors. This Reboot Dialogue is presented by Nico Andreas Heller.

Written constitutions, such as the American or the German Constitution, are treated often almost like divine texts or laws (timeless and eternal, written in stone), that can be referred to by anyone, but only a 'chosen few' (constitutional judges) are allowed to interpret them, when it comes to legal disputes.

Yet, all constitutions are products of their time and to maintain legitimacy sometimes need changing/reforming.

Kenya is a case in point: Following the post-election violence that broke out after the December 2007 presidential elections, a reform process was set in motion that led to the adoption of a new constitution in 2010, which contributed significantly to the stabilisation of Kenyan democracy post 2007.

In this round table on constitutional reform we look at three very different contexts: the US, a mature/old democracy, the European Union, an emerging/young supranational democracy, and Mali, a highly fragile state. We will be talking about the scope for and possible impacts of constitutional reform within these specific contexts and share insights gained and lessons learned within one context that might be of use in another.

Joining Nico for this Reboot Special are John Davenport (US), Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University and author of Saving American Democracy: The Case for Constitutional Reform in the US (2023), Ali Al Hajj Sleiman (Mali), Deputy Country Director and Electoral advisor for the NDI Mali, and Roberto Castaldi (Italy), Associate Professor of Political Philosophy at eCampus University and General Editor of EURACTIV Italy.​

For more information about John Davenport, Ali Al Hajj Sleiman​and and Roberto Castaldi, please visit our contributors page. This Reboot Special builds on a previous Reboot Dialogue and is presented by Nico A. Heller.

Further Reading

• A summary of The Democracy Amendments
• Sample sections 1-4 of the The Democracy Amendments
• A summary of A League of Democracies
• A League of Democracies sample chapter
• A League of Democracies publisher flyer/discount

In this Reboot Special we talk about the strengths and limitations of current artificial intelligence, why it may become a dangerous instrument of disinformation, why superintelligent AI may be closer (years) than most previously expected (decades) and how this could yield to catastrophic outcomes - from AI-driven wars to the extreme risk of extinction. This in turn we argue motivates the need for international cooperation to avoid, for example, the catastrophic risks arising from AI arms races – or indeed from economic races, driven by similar self-destructive game-theoretical competition.

Participating in this virtual round table are Yoshua Bengio and John Bunzl. Yoshua is recognized worldwide as one of the leading experts in artificial intelligence. John founded the Simultaneous Policy Organisation (SIMPOL) in 2000 with the aim of countering what he calls Destructive Global Competition (DGC) by empowering citizens everywhere to use their votes to drive politicians at the national level towards global cooperation. SIMPOL by now has supporters in over 100 countries and enjoys the backing of a growing number of parliamentarians around the world.

More information about our discussants is available at https://www.democracyschool.com/reboot-contributors.

Existing law provides that directors must “act in the best interests of the corporation.” Bob Hinkley, a renowned American attorney and one of the Democracy School’s regular dialogue partners proposes a Code for Corporate Citizenship that would add “but not at the expense of severe damage to the environment, human rights, public health and safety, dignity of employees or welfare of the communities in which the corporation operates.” He believes that, if adopted, this simple addition to corporate law would fundamentally transform the way corporations (can) operate and (must) do business.

In this Reboot Special four discussants place Bob’s proposed code under the microscope within a European environmental and climate change context and discuss it from both a legal and an investment/economic point of view.

More information about our discussants is available here.

First the pandemic and then the war in Ukraine disrupted international trade and fragmented global supply chains to such an extent that many countries, including the US, have started localising their economies, strategically important industries in particular.

In this talk we look at the impact these developments are having on intergovernmental multilateral initiatives and explore how international cooperation might be improved in the longer term through transnational solutions such as SIMPOL, which counters destructive global competition through ‘simultaneous policy making’. SIMPOL has supporters in over 100 countries and enjoys the backing of a growing number of parliamentarians around the world.

More information about John Bunzl, who founded SIMPOL in 2000, is available here.

For some years now, Chris Hamer has been a passionate advocate for a unified democratic community that increases the incentives for all nations to adhere to the rules-based order necessary for peace, security and prosperity.

In this dialogue Chris takes stock, reflects on some of the geopolitical challenges the international community currently faces – war in Ukraine, geopolitical realignments, the energy crisis etc – and looks at how these will impact his campaign for the creation of a World Security Community.

More information about Chris Hamer and his work is available here. The website of the Coalition for a World Security Community of Democratic Nations can be found here.

Unfortunately, we lost the connection with Chris during the live stream temporarily and also had a few other technical issues. We have since tried to edit these disruptions out, but due to our limited technical capabilities, one or two of the cuts are still noticable. We hope you will still enjoy the discussion.

Susanna Cafaro (Italy) is an European activist and professor of European Union Law at the University of Salento. She has authored and edited numerous books and over 50 scholarly articles and book chapters on the EU, European economic and monetary union, EU external relations, IMF & World Bank governance and functioning, Euro-Mediterranean relations.

In this dialogue we discuss the creation of a Loss and Damage Fund, as agreed at COP27, and look at the political challenges this new development poses in relation to the fund’s democratic governance, especially from the perspective of the global south.

​More information about Susanna Cafaro is available here.

Delton is a civil engineer and geo-hydrologist with a Ph.D. from the University of Queensland. He founded the Global Carbon Reward Initiative in 2013 and developed the “carbon currency” concept as featured in the sci-fi novel The Ministry for the Future.

Last fall he travelling the globe (again) to promote his Global Carbon Reward and carbon currency concept. Now that he is back in Australia, he reflects on this trip and explains how his proposed carbon currency will significantly accelerate the transition towards a negative carbon economy.

More information about Delton Chen is available here.

Further Information about the Global Carbon Reward (GCR) project

• Website
• Download Pamphlets
• Contact GCR

Support, donations and collaborations for the GCR project are welcome. Please contact the GCR project for further information.

Erratum Notice ​ Delton Chen apologises for making a mistake at time 22:42 (see link to video). He said that the central bank balance sheet includes "assets and debts". He meant to say "assets and liabilities". Central banks will purchase the carbon currency as their "asset", and the new fiat that they will create will be recorded as their "liability" (i.e. not as their "debt").

Young-Jin is Director of Impact & ESG at Vidia Equity, where he builds on his experience as Head of Research, Impact Investing, at Phineo gAG. He is a passionate climate activist who utilises his professional expertise and networks to help accelerate the transformation of our civilization’s fossil fuel-based energy system.

In this dialogue Young-Jin talks about the scope and limitations of impact investing within this context and argues that strategic modifications of the current economic and financial system design, including focused regulatory measures, standards, incentives and additional public investments, enabled by a minimally functional democracy, are the key to accelerating the transition towards a negative carbon economy.

More information about Young-Jin Choi is available here.

The Government of Catalonia is planning to pilot a universal basic income scheme. The scheme will be launched in the first half of next year and will run for two years. About 5,000 people chosen randomly from various locations will participate.

Aida, who works at the Office of the Pilot Plan to Implement Universal Basic Income as a data analyst, regularly contributes to public debates about universal basic income. In this interview she will talk about the reasoning behind this initiative, how that reasoning has influenced its design and explain in what way this scheme differs from previous universal basic income pilot schemes.

More information about Catalonia's UBI pilot scheme can be found on their website. Further information about Aida Martínez Tinaut is available here.

John is a professor of philosophy at Fordham University in New York. He teaches and writes on topics in political philosophy, ethics, existentialism and moral psychology and on some topics in philosophy of religion. He is the author of A League of Democracies – a plan to meet rising threats from Russia and China – and is currently working on a number of new books.

In this dialogue John will reflect on the 2022 midterm elections in America and talk about his latest book in which he writes about the need for deep constitutional reform to fix the American federal system.

More information about John Davenport and his work is available here.

Bob is an American attorney who specializes in corporate law generally and corporate financing specifically. From 2012 to 2020, he provided critical assistance to the US Department of Justice in connection with investigations that recovered more than $US 65 billion from more than a dozen banks for illegal behaviour that led to the financial crisis of 2008.

In this dialogue Bob talks about his idea to improve corporate behaviour by amending the duty of directors in corporate laws throughout the world. Bob calls this idea, the Code for Corporate Citizenship. Existing law provides that directors must “act in the best interests of the corporation.” The Code would add “but not at the expense of the environment, human rights, public health and safety, dignity of employees or welfare of the communities in which the corporation operates.”

More information about Robert C. Hinkley is available here. A recent article explaining the idea of a Code for Corporate Citizenship in greater detail is available here.

In our Reboot Dialogue #1 Chris Hamer talked about the challenges democracy faces from a rising tide of autocracy and argued that the formation of a World Security Community of democratic nations would be a logical and forward-looking response. Russia’s war of aggression and China’s positioning and response to it have added new impetus to his line of reasoning.

In this Reboot Dialogue we return to the idea of a democratically governed World Security Community and explore what role global civil society organisations might play to bring about such a development.

More information about Chris Hamer and his work is available here.

John Davenport is on a mission to save liberal democracy in the US and globally; and has recently published influential op-eds on fixing US elections, how just war theory supports fighting Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and recent initiatives calling for a global alliance of democracies.

In this Reboot Interview John talks about concrete measures we could be, indeed should be putting in place to stabilise American and strengthen global democracy. These include specific amendments to the US Constitution as well as the establishment of a ‘D10plus’, a group of leading democracies (that would include South Korea, Australia and India, plus possibly one or to others) along the lines of the G7/20, but without the authoritarian regimes that currently undermine our democracies everywhere.

More information about John Davenport and his work is available here.

In our Reboot Dialogue #3 Roberto Castaldi argued that for the EU to prosper in the long term, it needs to abolish the principle of unanimity and become a fully-fledged federation. The Conference on the Future of Europe, which he believes supports his arguments and which is currently in session, draws to a close in May.

In this Reboot Dialogue Roberto will reflect on the outcomes of this conference to assess the potential scope and scale of further European integration in the near term. Europe’s changing geopolitical landscape will provide the backdrop.

More information about Roberto Castaldi and his work is available here.

The Global Carbon Reward Initiative (GCR) is a new international climate policy that is designed to meet the 1.5-2.0°C goal of the Paris Agreement by incentivising rapid reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the removal of GHGs from the atmosphere. The GCR avoids carbon offsetting, and it offers a political solution to the free-rider problem. The economic tool of the GCR is called a "carbon currency", and this tool is featured in a science-fiction novel about climate change, called The Ministry for the Future. Delton Chen is the founder of GCR and reflects on his journey thus far. Correction: The Ministry for the Future did not inspire Delton Chen to develop the Global Carbon Reward (GCR) policy. It was the other way around. The GCR policy inspired Robinson to include the carbon coin idea in his novel.

More information about Delton Chen and his work is available here.

Further reading

• For information on the Global Carbon Reward (GCR), please explore the GCR website: globalcarbonreward.org.
• An easy introduction to GCR policy: globalcarbonreward.org/introduction
• News articles, interviews and public presentations by Delton Chen and also by Kim Stanley Robinson: globalcarbonreward.org/news/carbon-coin
• Letter: Don’t rely on carbon offsets as a climate change solution: archive.ph/Jldtv
• Technical summaries of the policy (pdf), and pamphlets on the GCR initiative (pdf): globalcarbonreward.org/our-vision/our-pamphlets
• If you are interested in the economics of carbon, then you should read about the "carbon pricing matrix" and the new conceptual model for the market failure in carbon: globalcarbonreward.org/carbon-currency/pricing-theory
• Publications about the GCR: globalcarbonreward.org/key-references
• Preliminary background for the Living Systems Economy (LSE): globalcarbonreward.org/carbon-currency/biophysical-analysis

Lene Rachel Andersen is the author of Bildung: Keep Growing (2020), among many other books, and founder of the Global Bildung Network (GBN), a network that brings together people from around the globe to address our deep longing for meaning, purpose, connectedness, cultural identity, sense of community, and empowerment and agency.

GBN’s work is based on the believe that education in every sense of the word is key, but just transferring huge amounts of knowledge is not enough. There is also an emotional and a moral connection to values, culture, self and others that is crucial to our well-being and our ability to cope with whatever challenges life confronts us with.

In this dialogue we build on our previous discussion (Reboot Dialogue #4) and explore how we might revive the original concept of ‘bildung’ and thus enable people everywhere to grab ‘with both hands’ the opportunities the 21st Century offers instead of feeling intimidated by the many challenges we face.

More information about Lene Rachel Andersen and her work is available here.

As the EU, through representative, participatory and recently even deliberative mechanisms, has increasingly evolved into a distinct democracy in its own right, Susanna Cafaro believes there is the potential for other international organizations (IOs) to evolve towards some kind of democratic governance and to increase their levels of legitimacy and accountability in the process.

Furthermore, she believes this is important and urgently needed as we are facing a number of global issues (climate change, pollution of oceans, loss of biodiversity, rising inequalities) that nation states are not able to address independently. Her current research therefore focuses on assessing levels of democracy in governance beyond the national dimension, as well as suggesting innovative improvements through civic forms of participation.

In this second Reboot Interview, Susanna will share some of the insights she has gained so far and reflect on some of the current challenges IOs are facing in their efforts to democratise – especially in light of recent geopolitical developments.

More information about Susanna Cafaro and her work is available here.

When it comes to the environmental impact of pollution, visions of the future tend to be dystopian in character. Not so in Lenka’s case. In this edition of Reboot2030, we explore her concept of a futuristic floating station, the 8th Continent, which helps to restore the balance of the sea, gathers ocean debris and creates a platform that brings people closer to this environment of the distant ocean – which we mistakenly thought was immune to our actions.

More information about Lenka Petrakova and her work is available here.

Lenka can be contacted via

email: petrakova@the8thcontinent.org

Instagram: lenkapetrak

In our Reboot Dialogue #2 John Bunzl introduced SIMPOL, the organisation he created to counter Destructive Global Competition (DGC) through simultaneous policy development and implementation. Since then, the geopolitical landscape has changed fundamentally – and not for the better.

In this talk John Bunzl provides an update on his work with SIMPOL, reflects on challenges and explores how SIMPOL’s approach and methodology might be used to minimise the impact of Russia’s war of aggression on global environmental and climate change regulation.

More information about John Bunzl and his work is available here.

In our Reboot Dialogue #5 Young-Jin talked about carbon pricing and climate dividends with regards to their potential scope for lowering our collective carbon footprint. Because of the limited success carbon pricing has had to date, the question of how we might monitor both progress and risks came up.

In this talk we continue this conversation by exploring how carbon pricing advocates might not only measure the success/failure of carbon pricing schemes, but also use their findings to put additional pressure on policymakers.

More information about Young-Jin Choi and his work is available here. His supporting presentation (on civilizational progress) is published here.

In order to accelerate the speed at which decarbonisation occurs, governments can utilize a variety of climate policies. One of the most transformative measures within that context is effective carbon pricing. To ensure both sustained public support and a just transition, Young-Jin argues that it is of critical importance to use a substantial share of carbon pricing revenues for a climate income.

More information about Young-Jin Choi is available here. A short paper on rapid greenhouse gas emission reductions is available here.

Lene believes that we need 'bildung' in the original sense (not just education), so that everybody understands their society and the changes that are happening – and thus feels empowered to engage and make a difference. At present that is not the case. To get there, Lene argues, our current school systems need to rethink what they are doing.

​More information about Lene Rachel Andersen is available here. Further information about her thinking on education, including her Bildung Rose Model, is available here.

Useful links:

• globalbildung.net
• europeanbildung.net
• bildungrose.com
• nordicbildung.org

Roberto argues that, for the EU to prosper in the long term, it will need to abolish the principle of unanimity and become a fully-fledged federation, endowed with fiscal powers, a single external representation and defence capability and (to preserve our liberal democracy) effective mechanisms for the protection of the rule of law.

More information about Roberto Castaldi is available here. Note that due to a mistake on our part, the general introduction to Reboot2030 is missing from this video. Further information about us is available here.

Useful links (in order of importance):

• Multi-lingual Platform of the Conference on the future of Europe: futureu.europa.eu
• EURACTIV, the media network for Europe: www.euractiv.com (pick a language)
• Union of European Federalists: www.federalists.eu
• World Federalist Movement-Institute for Global Policy: www.wfm-igp.org
• International Centre for European and Global Governance: www.cesue.eu

John believes that solving global problems requires solutions to be implemented simultaneously by nations so that no nation loses out. He argues that solutions need to cover multiple issues, so what a nation loses on one issue it can gain on another, and that citizens need to use their vote to incentivise politicians to cooperate globally.

More information about John Bunzl is available here.

Chris addresses the challenge democracy faces from a rising tide of autocracy. He believes that the democracies of this world must unite to meet this challenge and argues that the formation of a World Security Community of democratic nations would be a logical and forward-looking response.

More information about Chris Hamer is available here.